How to Sign Up for a 401k: Enrollment Guide

Learn the steps to set up a 401(k) for your employees effectively. Ensure their financial future while meeting your business goals.

By Farther

Setting up a 401(k) can feel overwhelming, but it's one of the best ways to secure your financial future. Many people miss out on free money by not taking full advantage of their employer's match—don't let that be you!

This guide will walk you through the essentials, from enrolling in your employer's plan to selecting investments that align with your goals.

You'll learn simple, actionable steps to grow your retirement savings, including how to choose the right contribution amount, minimize investment fees, and make the most of your 401(k). 

Let's get started!

Enroll in Your Employer's 401(k) Plan

The first step toward retirement saving success is joining your employer's 401(k) plan. It's a simple process that can set you up for future financial security.

  • Talk to your human resources department. They will have the enrollment forms you need.
  • Decide how much you want to save from each paycheck. Think about how much you can afford and aim for at least enough to get the full match.
  • Choose between a traditional or Roth 401(k) if your employer offers both options. Traditional plans are tax-deferred, while Roth plans are taxed now but not later.
  • Look over investment choices. Most plans offer a range of options like mutual funds and target date funds.
  • Fill out beneficiary forms. Decide who gets your money if something happens to you.
  • After enrolling, check your first paycheck to see the deduction. Make sure it matches what you chose to contribute.
  • Set up an online account if available. This lets you monitor your account balance and make changes as needed.

Starting early with a 401(k) means more time for your money to grow. Make sure to review and adjust contributions as your income grows or goals change.

Set a Contribution Amount

Determining the right amount to contribute to your 401(k) requires balancing future needs with current budget constraints.

  • Start by looking at the contribution limit. In 2025, you can put in up to $23,500 if you're under 50. If you're 50 or older, catch-up contributions allow up to $31,000.
  • Consider your employer's match. Many employers will match a part of what you contribute. Aim to at least contribute enough to get the full match; it's like free money for your retirement.
  • Think about your take-home pay. After contributing, make sure you still have enough for bills and savings. Use an online calculator to see how contributions affect your paycheck.
  • Plan for the future. Increase your contribution amount as your pay goes up.
  • Look at tax benefits. Contributions to a traditional 401(k) lower your taxable income now.
  • Decide on Roth or traditional contributions based on when you want tax benefits; now or in retirement.
  • Set goals for retirement savings. Think about how much money you'll need and work backward.

Make changes if needed. Most plans let you change contribution amounts during the year.

Maximize Your Employer Match

Your employer match can significantly boost your retirement savings. Many companies add money to your plan based on how much you contribute. For example, if you put in 5% of your salary and your employer matches that, it's like getting free cash for retirement.

You need to find out the details from your plan document. Some plans have limits. Others might match only up to a certain percentage of your salary deferrals. Aim to contribute at least enough to get the full match.

It's an easy way to grow your retirement savings plan with no extra cost!

Choose Between Traditional and Roth Options

When setting up your 401(k), you'll need to decide between tax structures that affect when you pay taxes on your money. A Traditional 401(k) plan allows you to make contributions before taxes. This means your money grows without being taxed until withdrawal.

You may get a tax break now, which can lower your income tax bill.

On the other hand, with a Roth 401(k), you pay taxes on your contributions upfront. Your money grows tax-free, and qualified withdrawals are also tax-free after age 59½. Choose based on when you want to pay taxes—now or later—and consider if employer contributions will match either option fully.

Evaluate Investment Choices

Your investment selections within your 401(k) will shape your financial future. Look for options like stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. Each type has different risks and rewards. Stocks usually grow faster over time but can be riskier.

Bonds are more stable but may offer lower returns. Mutual funds let you invest in many assets at once.

Check the fees tied to each investment choice too. High fees eat into your gains over time. Make sure to spread out your investments to reduce risk—this is called diversification.

Assess how much risk you're comfortable with before making decisions. Review this regularly as your life changes or if market conditions shift. Adjust your investments as needed to stay on track with your retirement goals.

Understand Investment Fees

The costs associated with managing your retirement accounts can significantly impact your long-term returns. Common fees include account fees, administrative fees, and fund expense ratios.

These charges vary by investment options.

Higher fees don't always mean better returns. Check the performance of funds against their costs. A financial advisor can help you understand these costs better. Always read the summary plan description to get details on all fees tied to your retirement accounts.

Keep an eye on how these affect your plan assets over time!

Automate Your Contributions

Making your retirement savings automatic creates a foolproof system for building wealth. You can set it up through your employer's 401(k) plan or a self-employed 401(k).

This way, money comes out of your paycheck directly.

Choose a fixed amount to contribute each pay period. It helps you stay consistent without thinking about it. Many employers match employee contributions—take advantage of this! Regularly contributing means you'll build your retirement savings faster while avoiding the hassle of manual transfers.

Monitor and Adjust Your Investments Regularly

Keeping tabs on your investments ensures your retirement strategy stays on track. Regular checks help ensure you're making progress toward your financial goals.

  1. Check your account balance often. This helps you see how your 401(k) is growing over time.
  2. Review investment performance. Look at how each option performs—some may do better than others.
  3. Adjust your portfolio if needed. If one investment isn't working, consider shifting some money to a different option.
  4. Stay informed about market changes. Changes in the economy can affect your investments and their returns.
  5. Be aware of fees associated with your investments. High fees can eat into your returns over time.
  6. Revisit your goals regularly. As life changes, so might what you want from your retirement plan.
  7. Consider rebalancing annually or semi-annually. This keeps your asset mix aligned with your risk tolerance and objectives.
  8. Talk to a financial advisor if unsure about adjustments. They can help guide you through choices based on market conditions and personal goals.
  9. Keep all account information updated, including contact details with the plan administrator, to stay informed about important updates or changes.

Staying proactive in monitoring and adjusting will help keep your 401(k) plan relevant and effective for future needs.

Decide if You Need Additional Savings Outside of a 401(k)

A comprehensive retirement strategy often requires more than just your workplace plan. Many people look at other options like IRAs or self-employed 401(k)s. These can help if you want to save extra money.

Small business owners and self-employed individuals may need these savings tools to reach their goals. You might qualify for catch-up contributions if you're age 50 or older. This lets you put away even more cash for retirement without penalties! Make sure all your savings work together for a secure future.

Designate Your Beneficiaries

Naming who will receive your retirement assets is a crucial step often overlooked in the setup process. You choose who will get your money if you pass away. This could be a spouse, child, or anyone you trust.

Make sure to fill out the beneficiary form correctly.

Life changes fast. Review this choice after major events like marriage or having kids. Your employer's 401(k) plan has specific rules on how to name beneficiaries, so follow them closely.

Take Advantage of Catch-Up Contributions (if eligible)

For those approaching retirement age, additional savings opportunities await. If you're 50 or older, you can add extra money to your 401(k) plan. This means more savings for retirement! The limit for catch-up contributions is $7,500 in addition to the regular contribution limits. If you're between ages 60 and 63, the SECURE 2.0 Act increases the catch-up contribution limit to $11,250 in 2025.

This option helps boost your retirement nest egg quickly. Make sure to inform your employer about this choice when setting up or managing the plan. Don't miss out on this chance to grow your savings with a 401(k).

Work With a Financial Advisor to Maximize Your 401(k)

Setting up your 401(k) is just the first step—optimizing it for long-term growth is where real financial planning comes in. A Farther financial advisor can help you choose the right contribution level, investment options, and employer match strategy to ensure you're making the most of your retirement savings.

With expert guidance, you can avoid common mistakes, maximize tax advantages, and create a retirement plan that aligns with your financial goals.

Take control of your future—talk to an advisor today.

Conclusion

Setting up your 401(k) is easier than you think—and it pays off in the long run. Start by enrolling in your employer's plan and setting a contribution amount that fits your budget. Be sure to maximize any employer match—it's free money you don't want to miss!

Decide between traditional or Roth options based on your tax strategy, and regularly review your investments to keep your plan on track.

These simple steps can significantly grow your retirement savings. Use financial tools and resources to stay informed, and take action today—your future self will thank you!

FAQs

1. What is a 401(k) and how does it work?

A 401(k) plan is a type of account that's designed for retirement savings. It allows both the employer and employee to contribute to the plan, with potential matching contributions from the employer.

2. How can I set up a 401(k)?

To set up your own individual or self-employed 401(k), you'll need to open an account with a financial provider like Fidelity. You'll complete an account application, establish your plan through the adoption agreement process, manage your plan investments and notify employees about their new benefits.

3. How do Roth IRAs compare with traditional 401(k)s?

While both are popular retirement options providing tax advantages; Roth IRA distributions are generally tax-free while traditional plans defer taxes until distribution. Also note: Individual stocks might feature in Roth IRAs but rarely in typical employer-sponsored plans.

4. Are there other types of accounts similar to the traditional and individual 401(k)?

Yes indeed! SEP (Simplified Employee Pension) IRAs represent another option particularly favored by self-employed individuals due to its profit-sharing nature – allowing higher contribution limits compared against regular IRAs.

Important Disclosure

This document is for informational purposes only. It is educational in nature and not designed to be taken as advice or a recommendation for any specific investment product, strategy, plan feature or other purpose in any jurisdiction, nor is it a commitment from Farther Financial Advisors, LLC or any of its subsidiaries or related entities to participate in any of the transactions mentioned herein. All sources of information used are deemed reliable and accurate at the time of printing. Advisory services are provided by Farther Finance Advisors LLC, an SEC-registered investment advisor. Investing in securities involves risk, including the potential loss of principal. Before investing, consider your investment objectives, as well as Farther Finance Advisors LLC’s fees and expenses. Farther Finance Advisors, LLC does not provide tax or legal advice; please consult your tax and legal professionals for guidance on these matters.

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